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An "Index" is an associative key-value array (or dictionary) that is physically stored either in or alongside
a database table and it allows for a performant way to retrieve one or more specific records
in a database. The index is sorted by key and thus also defines an ordering of records retrieved
via this index.
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The "Key" is the sequence of bytes that is used to locate an item in the index, and the "Value" is
a reference to the actual record.
A database table typically has multiple indexes allowing to find the required records for different
usage cases.
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A key is composed of one or more "Key segments". In the case of Venice the value in a key segment will
always be equal to a field in the record. Each key segment has its own type,
collation, and ordering.
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